![]() Tamil is not derived from Sanskrit, although there are many common words found in both. Sanskrit is a dialect of the Old Indo-Aryan language. Tamil language belongs to a member of the Dravidian language family, natively spoken today by over 70 million people in South India. Sanskrit is probably the oldest language of ancient India, but Tamil is the oldest surviving ancient language of the world. Both are very different unless you go to earliest human evolutions. Tamil is a Dravidian language whereas Sanskrit is Indo-Aryan. Evidence suggests that both Tamil and Sanskrit derived their shared conventions and techniques from a common source, for it is clear that neither of them borrowed directly from the other. The resemblance between the two literatures is not enough to indicate direct borrowing. Although, the vowels of both the languages are almost the same, Sanskrit has extended consonants. Sanskrit seems to show a variety of ways of forming words. The pronunciation of ‘k’ varies greatly depending on the placement of the letter in the word. The letter ‘k’, for example, represents ‘k’ but can also be pronounced ‘g’ or ‘h’. This is mostly the same in Malayalam and Old Kannada languages. Tamil has three letters to represent the N sound, three for L, and two for R. – Pronunciation is subtly different in both the languages. Sanskrit, on the other hand, is a fusional Indo-European language wherein the nominal suffixes work very differently. For instance, the word ‘remarkably’ has three morphemes – remark + able + ly. This basically means that suffixes are added sequentially to specify meaning and syntactic function, usually without modifying the initial stem. – Tamil, like other Dravidian languages, is agglutinative meaning it has a morphological system in which words may contain different morphemes, with a high morpheme-to-word ratio. The Indo-Aryans were a branch of the Indo-Iranians and most of their languages derive their high-level vocabulary from Sanskrit. Sanskrit belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Dravidian is a language family of over 70 languages spoken by about 220 million people in southern and central India, and north-east Sri Lanka. – Tamil belongs to a member of the Dravidian family of languages spoken primarily in India, particularly South Asia. Difference between Tamil and Sanskrit Language Family that Tamil and Sanskrit belong to Sanskrit is a very powerful and versatile language that has the power to express something using the minimum number of words. Sanskrit is believed to have been originated as Vedic Sanskrit, which is the language of the Vedas (the oldest scriptures of Hinduism). Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of the Hinduism and is believed to be the most systematic and technical language of all. The language has a documented history that dates back to as far as 3,500 years ago. The term Indo-Aryan, as applied to language, covers the totality of languages and dialects derived from the sources from the earliest times to the present day. Sanskrit is one of the oldest languages of the ancient India and a member of the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.
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